DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 053 380 AC 010 563
AUTHOR Marchese, Lamar TITLE CATV in Central Appalachia: A Feasibility Study. INSTITUTION Morehead State Univ., Ky. Appalachian Adult Education Center. SPONS AGENCY Appalachian Regional Commission, Washington, D.C. NOTE 75p.; Interim Report
EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS *Cable Television, Community Antennas, *Depressed Areas (Geographic), *Educational Needs, *Statistical Data, *Surveys IDENTIFIERS *Appalachia ABSTRACT This document examines the problems and potentials that cable televisions have in public service, with a view toward understanding CATV's growth and how that growth relates to the developmental and educational needs of the Appalachian Region. Six developmental districts in Appalachia were chosen for intensive study.A team of consultants was organized to perform the research. Statistics were collected by the questionnaire method. Data gathered indicate that: (1) Cable systems that have been 0-500 subscribers have an average market saturation of 60%; (2) Systems with between 501 and 1,500 subscribers have an average 63% market saturation; (3) Cable systems with 1,501 to 3,500 and above have an average market penetration of 62%. This survey also showed that the CATV operators would be interested in participating in a regional cable television network. Upon completion of the research, an engineering report will be issued. (CK) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG- INATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN IONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU CATION POS,ION OR POLICY
CATV IN CENTRALAPPALACHIA
A FEASIBILITY STUDY
Prepared. For
KENTUCKY PROGRAMDEVELOPMENT OFFICE Office of the Gc..vernor Frankfort, Kentucky
INTERIM REPORT
Prepared by Contract(RP 0181) With Funds ProvidedBy The AppalachianRegional Commission
By Lamar Marchese Appalachian AdultEducation Center Morehead State University Morehead, Kentucky TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION noseepa,..an 00000 gloodOononJoannosoe.00.
Cable TV - Regulatory Evolution...... ,...... 1
Applicability...... 2
Production Facilities...... 4
Community ...... e..pan.00.0.nOne$12.1000.0M.V.00.. 4
ORGANIZATION OF RESEARCH EFFORT...... 6
Consultant Team...... n....vos0..0.40.000Ooonw.4.0ean.0090 6
Development Districts 6
AdHoc Advisory Committee...... ,...... 6
RESEARCH PROGRESS 8
CATV Facilities Survey 8
OwnershipStructure...... 8
Penetration 9
Program Origination ...... dae0000.0000n 10
Programming Survey...... 00.0o0onespeandre.pa0040. 11
Free film libraries...... O.00000.O.O.O000.00.06000042047 12
Feature Film and Syndicated TV Series...... 13
Church Related Programming...... 000O0bee00000000.0000 13
Instructional Series...... 0000001100000000,000000, 13
Educational Programming...... 00000000nr1000o.p.04.00.00000Opo 13
Ascertainment of Needs Survey...... 14
CATV Community Development Questionnaire...... 15
Programming Needs...... 00000.$0.e.nO000060.ft00.400O0pr. 15
Area Broadcasters Ascertainment of Needs Survey...... 16
1.1) ti ii
Training Analysis 23
Production TraiAlng 22
ENGINEERING REPORT 25
Production 25
Film 25
Tape 26
And Too.... 27
Distribution, Interconnection 27
Cable Systems 29
Tape 29
Microwave 30
TI.ep,,one Company 30
Satellites ;tad Things 30
ETV 31
Summary 31
PROBLEMS 33
FundingDelayb 33
Administrative Difficulties 33
RECOMMENDATIONS 35
WORK FORECAST 40
Development District - CATV Utilization Plan 40
Experimental CATV Information 41
Alternate Organizational Structures 41
Project Calendar - Phase II 43
APPALACHIAN COMMUNITY TELEVISION EXPENDITURES 44
BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES THROUGH AUGUST15, 1971 45 i
4L APPENDIX A 47 APPENDIX B 50 APPENDIX C 51 APPENDIX D 56 APPENDIX E 60 APPENDIX F 70 APPENDIX G 72 APPENDIX H INTRODUCTION
It hardly needs to be restated here that cable television has a tremendous potential for public service. Undoubtedly, ,able can make a significant contribution toward improving the nation's communication system--providing additional diversity of programming, serving as a com- munication outlet for many who have had little or no access to the tele - vision broadcast system, and creating the potential for a host of new communication services.
Likewise, a restatement of the ills that plague Appalachia is, in this context, unnecessary. What is essential, however, is understanding cable television's growth and how that growth relates to the developmental and educational needs of the Appalachian Region.
Cable TV - Regulatory Evolution
For the last several years the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) has been searching for a way of opening up cable's potential to serve the public without undermining the foundation of the existing over- the-air broadcast structure. The mandatory program origination ruling of
October 1969, was a step in that direction. The Commission, in August, 1971, presented to Congress a package of rules regarding cable TV. The Commission
feels that it's new package will get cable moving quickly to benefit the
public, but without jeopardizing the structure of broadcast television.
1
1 2
Essentially, the FCC's plan permits the importation of distant signals into the top 100 market, in return. for the cable industries acceptance of the obligation to serve local educational and community needs by providing substantial nonbroadcast bandwidth.
The major elements of the FCC's "Public Dividned Plan" are as follows:
A. Minimum channel capacity of 20 channels required. in all top 100 markets.
B. Equivalence required. For each broadcast signal carried, cable systems must provide one channel for non-broadcast use.
C. One free, dedicated, non-colum ercial, public access channel on non-discriminate! basis required under exclusive Federal reg.11ati,n, without censorship by cable system.
D. One free educational channel required for five years.
E. One free governmental channel required fo7t five years.
F. Two-way capacity required.
If adopted by Congress, this series of rules, plus others, would become effective March 1, 1972.
Applicability
The FCC has singled out the top 100 television markets for
special attention. It is the consensus of the cable industry and
the Commission, that if cable is to become more than a rural adjunct
of the broadcast television system, it must be allowed to expand
into centers of concentrated population.
In order to expand into major markets, the cable industry has
been allowed use of distant signals as an inducement for building a 3 viable body of subscribers. The Commission, however, has emphasized that the cable operator cannot accept distant signals without also accepting the obligation to provide substantial non-broadcast channel space for public service.
The Commission has recommended that the following applications be observed of its access rules:
A. The access rules will be applicable to all new systems that become operational in the top 100 markets. In the area of study, this rule will be in effect if adopted by Congress, when pending franchises are awarded in Chattanooga, Ten- nessee; Knoxville, Tennessee; and Roanoke, Virginia. These cities fall within the top LOU markets in the country as specified by the FCC.
B Currently operating systems in the top 100 markets would have five _years to comply. This rule would effect systems in current operation within a 35 mile radius of the three above named markets. For instance, Cleveland, Tennessee, would be included in Chattanooga's market area, Oak Ridge would be included in Knoxville's market area, and Ashland, Kentucky, would be included in Huntington, West Virginia's market area.
C. Existing systems in markets below the top 100 would be required to meet these access rules when and as the system is substantially rebuilt.
This category includes most of the cable television systems
operating within the study area of Appalachian Kentucky, Tennessee,
and Virginia.
The rather loose wording of this ruling allows for varying
interpretations. It is clear, however, that the Commission will not
force cable systems that do not now have sufficient channel capacity, 4 to fulfill it's access regulations. It is unclear, whether systems not in top 100 markets which do have sufficient channel capacity would be required to provide a free.access, governmental, and education channel.
Production Facilities
In order to foster it's goal of creating a low-cost, non- discriminatory means of channel access, the FCC will require that cable operator's maintain at least minimal production facilities for public use within the franchise area
"Hopefully, the Commission states, colleges and universities, high schools, recreation departments, churches, unions, and other community sources will have low-cost video-taping equipment available to the public."
To encourage diversity in program sources, and insure availability, the Commission has made no ruling on technical standards.
Furthermore, the Commission has encouraged utilization of 1/2-inch video tape equipment for program production because of the low cost.
Community Impact
This package of rules, if adopted by Congress, will provide the basic regulatory guarantees needed to safeguard the public interest. The access provisions of the Commission's rules could provide a powerful developmental tool for small communities throughout the Region...an inexpensive open forum for civic dialogue, a means for more meaningful citizen participation in government, and a method for true community-wide education. ti
5
the tools available, The Commission,however, can only make fact, the they cannot make anyone usethem. In recognition of this responsibility for programmingsquarely new rulepackage puts the and education. on the shouldersof the public, government, governmental The FCC has made clearthat the educational and phase of five years, and channels are set asidefor a developmental specified access channels that its decision toexpand or curtail such channels during the will depend upon theinnovative usage of those
five year experimentalperiod. the public access, The Commission hasfurther stated, that if these channels educational, and governmentalchannels are not used, This leasing policy isqualified may be leasedfor other purposes. revert to theiroriginal by a provision thatthe leased channels must
purpose upondemand. programming The intent of theCommission's statements concerning the public to utilizethis is unmistakable. They have encouraged time, put us on warning new and powerfultool, and have, at the same
that if not used, what wasgiven may be taken away. will be formative It is then obviousthat the next several years The FCC will bewatching ones for thefuture of public usageof CATV. applications have been made and evaluating to seewhat innovative
in response to it's accessrequirements. Now is clearly thetime Now is clearlythe time for planning. districts, and theAppalachian when communities,local development taking the steps needed to Regional Commissionitself, should start the rest of the country, insure that Appalachiawill not lag behind
but lead it in theutilization of this new resource. ORGANIZATION OF RESEARCH EFFORT
Consultant Team
A team of consultants has been organized to perform the research stipulated. Labor has been divided according to areas of specialization.
The team consists of anadministratorsupervisor, a consultant engineer, a consultant trainer, a financial consultant, legal counsel, and a combination secretary-staff assistant.
Development Districts
Within the study area six local development districts were to be chosen for more intensive study. In Kentucky the Gateway Area Development
District and the Kentucky River Development District have indicated their interest in the project, and their willingness to cooperate.
In Tennessee, The First-Tennessee-Virginia Development District and the Upper Cumberland Development District have also, indicated their willingness to participate in the study on a more intensive basis.
In Virginia althouth no official contact has been made through the Office of the Governor, discussions with personnel of the DILENOWISCO
Development District.: indicates that they would be very interested in working with the ACT project. (See Appendix A)
Ad Hoc Advisory Committee
One of the objectives of the "Cable Television-Community Development" meetings held in Kentucky and Tennessee was identification of prospective members of the Ad Hoc Advisory Committee.
6 7
Mr. Bill Gorman of the Hazard CATV system and Mr. Earl Crumley
of the Middlesboro, Kentucky CATV system will be asked to serve on the
committee representing cable TV operators in Kentucky. Representatives
from the district boards of the Kentucky River Area Development District
and the Gateway Area Development District will be sought to serve on
the Ad Hoc Advisory Committee.
In Tennessee, Mr, Ed Bookout of the Bristol CATV system and
Mr. Paul Puckett of the Johnson City CATV system will be requested to
serve on the Committee. Representatives from the Upper Cumberland Area
Development District and the First Tennessee-Virginia Area Development
District will be requested to serve on the Advisory Committee representing
community interests.
Committee members from Virginia will be designated after the
"CATV-Community Development" meeting is held in that state.
/0 RESEARCH PROGRESS
CATV Facilities Survey
Within the study area, there are approximately 105 cable
television systems currently operating, serving 136 different communities.
Kentucky has the largest number of systems with 56, followed by Tennessee
1 with 25, and Virginia with 24.
The vast majority of these systems are small, having between a few hundred and fifteen hundred subscribers. The Tri-Cities area has the largest concentration of subscribers, within the study area, with a combined subscription strength of over 34,000.2
Ownership Structure
The ownership structure of the cable systems in the three states is quite different. Only seven of the fifty-six operating CATV systems in Kentucky are owned by Multiple System Operators (MSO's).
Both Tennessee and Virginia however are heavily penetrated by multiple system owned CATV stations. Of the 25 CATV systems operating in
Eastern Tennessee, 14 are owned by MSO's. The concentration is even greater in Virginia, with 17 of the 24 operating systems owned by
MSO's.
1Broadcasting Sourcebook CATV (Washington, DC: Broadcasting Publications-NC, 1971).
2 Television Factbook (Washington, DC: Television Digest Inc., 1969-70).
8 9
Multiple System Operators have in the past, been much more
active in program origination than independents, The activity in the
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol area, for instance has been aided by the
cooperation of two large MSO's, Cypress Communications and National
Trans-Video, with efforts of the Development District to begin significant
local programming.
Penetration
Statistics on penetration of CATV in the region are difficult
to come by. The National Cable Television Association estimates that
between 65% to 70% of all homes receiving TV signals in eastern Kentucky
are tied into local cable television systems. Nationally it is estimated
that the average cable-TV system has a 56% saturation in its market,3
Our own statistics, based upon the Broadcasting Sourcebook CATV
1971 and Television Factbook 1969-70 tend to confirm previous estimates.
Complete statistics were gathered on 59 of the 105 CATV systems operating within the study area. Our survey reveals that tri-state systems maintain
an average market saturation of 64%. This overall figure breaks down thusly;
Systems that have between 0-500 subscribers have an average market saturation
of 60%. Systems with between 501 and 1,500 subscribers have an average
63% market saturation. Cable systems with 1,501 to 3,500 and above, have an average market penetration of 62%. (See Appendix B)
3 Broadcasting Sourcebook CATV 1971, p.7. 10
Program Origination
The FCC has set a requirement that all CATV systems with over
3,500 subscribers must cablecast locally-originated programming over one channel (not including "automatic" programming channels) by April 1st of this year. Before this rule was implemented, the courts announced that such a requirement was beyond the regulatory powers of the Commission.
(Midwest Video case, 8th Circuit Court of Appeals). The Commission is seeking Supreme Court review of this decision, so there may not be a final answer for a year or more. Meanwhile, of course, the rule will not take effect.
CATV systems are not precluded from voluntarily originating programming, and many of them continue to do so. Although part of the impetus was undoubtedly the FCC's origination rule, it appears that a good many stations will still originate in an attempt to forestall further regulation and to make their programming more desirable to subscribers. As of March 15, (before the origination rule was struck down), the nationwide figures on origination were as follows, according to the 1971 CATV Activity Addenda to Television Factbook of July 5, 1971:
Systems with automatic orig. 1,477 Time and wether 1,026 News ticker 159 Music 77 Stockticker 35
Systems with local origs. 524 Local live, tape or film 467
Advertising 57
Others 164 TOTAL SYSTEMS ORIGINATING 1,190 11
According to these statistics approximately 19% of CATV systems
throughout the country are doing some kind of local program origination.
Within the study area approximately 12% of cable systems are currently
doing local program origination. (See Appendix C)
Partially responsible for this small figure are the large number
of small systems within the study area that have limited channel capacity.
For instance, the cable system in Beattyville, Kentucky has a 3 channel
capacity. Those three channels provide two commercial TV channels
from Lexington, Kentucky, and one commercial channel from Knoxville.
There is simply no technological room in this system for a local origination
channel.
As the systems with restricted channel capacity are rebuilt and
their channel capacity expanded the liklihood of local program origination will greatly increase. If the new FCC rule package is approved by Congress,
this will also greatly effect local origination by opening access channels
for public use.
The questionnaire that was filled out at both the Kentucky and
Tennessee "CATV-Community Development" meetings revealed that many cable
operators are planning to begin local origination in the near future.
The CATV operators also responded favorably to the questions
concerning cooperative local origination. The majority said they would be
interested in cooperating with development districts, community organizations,
and outside community service agencies by providing free cable time for
free programming.
The survey also showed that the CATV operators would be interested
in participating in a regional cable television network. 12
Programming Survey
In order to determine the programming currently available for
CATV distribution a mail survey was taken of some fifty (50) commercial program suppliers and twenty-nine (29) sources for possible educational programming.
Replies were received and classified into the following broad categories:
1. Free film libraries
2. Feature film and syndicated TV series
3. Church related programming
4. Instructional series
5. Educational programming
Free Film Libraries
A great number of films are available from industrial, institutional, and foreign sources that will provide their programming free of charge in order to receive wide public dissemination.
Most films available from free lending libraries are thinly disguised public relations vehicles. They do not provide unique programming for CATV, since most are also available for broadcast. Most are not relevant for community needs in Appalachia.
There are however some worthwhile films available from this source.
Feature Film and Syndicated TV Series
"Ramar of the Jungle" and "Fury" are alive and well in the vaults of commercial program syndicators. These ex-broadcast series and many others are now being offered to cable TV operators forcablecasting. 13
Feature film packages are also available. Needless to say this kind of programming will not help cable TV operators meet their community needs,
Church Related Programming
Religious programming such as "The Sacred Heart Program" or
"Faith for Today" are available free of charge for cablecasting. These programs might be useful, but again, are not distributed solely for
CATV use. They are designed primarily for broadcast and are carried widely by broadcast stations.
Nationally distributed religious programs might fulfill a need
in a location where local broadcast outlets do not carry this programming.
Instructional Series
A number of direct instructional programs are available to
CATV from such organizations as Great Plains National Instructional Television
Library and National Instructional Television.
Although instructional programs are shown on daytime ETV, this
type of programming might be very helpful in serving particular community
needs. For instance, a CATV system located in a town with a single large
industry might in conjunction with that industry run an instructional
series on job safety for plant employees.
Educational Programming
Although ETV stations, state networks, and related educational
programmers will probably be an important source of future CATV programming,
they are not now 14
Survey replies were received from ETV stations or networks in nine of the thirteen Appalachian states. Many replied that they had no programming available, others suggested programming that would be made
available but possible technical, incompatibility problems, others mentioned
difficulties in providing programming to CATV systems outside their
coverage area.
Program lists were made available by the Alabama ETV Commission;
WMUL-TV, Huntington, West Virginia; WWVU-TV, Morgantown, West Virginia;
and WGTV, Athens, Georgia. This material was however originally produced
for broadcast and in most cases recorded on two inch video tape, the
standard broadcast format, but practically non-existent in CATV systems.
National Educational Television (NET) has recently opened its
program library for CATV programming. Many of these programs address
themselves to important national issues such as drugs, ecology, and
poverty. They are being made available at extremely low cost and in a
variety of formats.
These programs could be used to give a National-local prospectus
on a particular problem. For instance, a NET program on pollution could
be immediately followed up by a locally-produced program. In this way
the national view of a particular problem could be presented along with
the relevant local parts of that problem.
Ascertainment of Needs Survey
Two methods were used to ascertain community needs. A question-
naire was designed to determine community needs and distributed to cable
TV operators, development district personnel, and other participants
of the Kentucky and Tennessee "CATV-Community Development" Conferences. 15
An ascertainment of community needs survey was also gathered from broadcast outlets in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia.
CATV Community Development Questionnaire
Part (A), entitled "Community Needs" of the questionnaire was designed not only to ascertain community needs, but to rank the importance of identified problems. This form was adapted from a standard form used by many broadcasters to determine community needs.
Community problems considered to be the most pressing were;
(1) education, (2) unemployment, and (3) transportation. Secondary problems identified by respondents included; crime, pollution, racial conflict, health, economic underdevelopment, lack of recreation facilities, lack of adequate medical facilities, local government financing, and water and sewer improvement. (See Appendix D)
All respondents felt that the problems of their community were not unique, but they were shared by other communities within the Appalachian
section of their state, and indeed are shared by the rest of the Region.
Programming Needs
Fifty-seven percent of those taking the survey felt that the media was not sufficiently informing local communities about local
issues. Of the remaining 43% which felt that the media was sufficiently
informing communities of local events, the majority came from large urban
areas.
The majority of those taking the survey felt that local program
origination by CATV systems, concentrating on health, education, and
civil events would help in dealing with the previously mentioned community
problems. When asked to rank, in order of importance, five types of
FS programs that a local CATV system might produce, the majority responded 16
by choosing Local News programs and Instructional programs, ("How To" &
"Adult Education") as most important. Instructional programs were also ranked second in importance. Public Affairs (election returns, special issues, telethons) were ranked third in importance, coverage of governmental meetings (city council) was listed as fourth, and local sports (high school, little league) was considered least important.
In reference to Development Districts and cable television those problems stated by Development District Personnel as being of major hinderance to cooperative Development District - CATV programming were:
(1) unavailability of CATV,(2) improper or lack of equipment and lack of
staff, and (3) financing production. When asked if on site technical
assistance in programming utilization, and production would be helpful
in stimulating the Development District to begin CATV programming, the majority (757) replied that it would.
Area Broadcasters Ascertainment of Needs Survey
In their license renewal applications, broadcasters, by FCC
regulation, must include results of a community needs survey. This
survey is taken within the stations service area by asking local citizeus
their opinions related to community problems.
For the purpose of our study, we gathered ascertainment of
survey forms from radio and television stations located within the Develop-
ment Districts in each state that is under special investigation.
Below follow the summarized results of those local surveys:
1. GATEWAY AREA DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT
Morehead, Kentucky WMOR - AM & FM
The four problems that stood out most in our survey
were: (1) the need of recreational facilities, (2) narrow
`i 17
streets, (3) drugs, and (4) alcohol, and (5) law
enforcement.
Mr. Sterling, Kentucky WMST - AM & FM
Local Problems--growing pains of the community,
environmental problems, need for expanded recreational
opportunities, juvenile crime, use of alcohol, and
drugs.
Bath County
Lack of local industry.
Menifee County
Local Problems--poverty, needs a hospital,
sewer system, and entertainment,
Powell County
Flood control problems.
2. KENTUCKY RIVER DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT
Whitesburg, Kentucky WTCW AM & FM
The significant needs and interests expressed
in the survey are as follows: (1) job opportunities,
(2) industrial development, (3) sewage system, (4) roads
and bridge construction, (5) parking facilities,
(6) pollution of air and water, and (7) education.
Hazard, Kentucky WKYH - TV
A cross section of the interviews indicated the
following needs in programming this area: (1) an area
wide indication of interest and identity, (2) an area
wide responsible news coverage, (3) an area wide infor-
mation type interview, (4) panel type discussions of
current events relating to our area, (5) programs of 18
local cities and counties puhii. affair, prDj,=.::tiL;g
self-help type approach as well as state and ftde.ral
cost sharing opportunities, cultoral a.).J
programming, (7) area law =.toc::emem program. 0) .ril .01
type presentation, (9) pro will
encourage the individual a. 1:Ist1111,, him pitrs, d;
pride and ambition. (Opp( pce- t-
vocational rehabilitati3-1 LI:J .), (i)) pr
grams that will tend to people
cultural development and peys:..a.I aohieyeme7.
3. FIRST TENNESSEE-VIRGINIA DEVEtOrKENT DISTRLLI
Tri-Cities (Bristol, Viv,4.LIta Eins2(,rta Tennessee - Johnson CiA, - WCYB - IV
The major needs for tl:Ls area being: (1)f,eed
for awareness of problems and befits of c.Jim..-Ity
cooperation. (2) governmental cooperatio:4 ad pleb-
fling to solve problems to avoid duplication of
(3) roads and highways, (4) development of recreatior.dI
and tourist areas, (5) education, vocational
(6) sewage disposal and treatment, control. of :LA, ,crial
pollution, (7) exposing the values of the general
area to the outside world to develop further ind.tlidl
financial growth, (8) housing.
INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF THE FOUR COUNTIES
Washington County, Virginia
(1) government consolidation, (2) housing Carter Counta_ap:le see
(1) schools, (2)rt,ads,(3) sewage tr,tm=,:t
Sullivan County, 1--essee
(1) employment - ,ocatio-Lal trair.P.,1 (2) ;,,(1,1.
discussion of public i-s.:es
Washington nLy2 Tnesee
(1) school s
4. DILENOWISCO DEVELOPMENT I, :7,IRTCT
Norton, Virginia WNA
(1) improved watt : ystem, (2) mre
(3)development of tu..7rf.-im,(4) impro\,em:, t
local highways, (5) bettzir housing, (6) ric%ationdA
facilities, (7) improved medical faciliti- 20
Training Analysis
Two levels of possible training activity have become appate,r from the preliminary training analysis performed during the fi/6t halt of the grant period.
Technical Training
Need has been identified, both nationally and regionally far Ervzt- adequately prepared technicians for the cable Lelevision indoscry years ago, nearly 40 percent of the CATV syscems surveyed by TV Commu::.ica magazine reported that their technical pemmnel lacked adequate job skills.
TV Communications repeated the survey this yea, and reported in ics
August, 1971, issue that systems reporting inadequately skilled chuicians t,) be down to a figure of less than 30 percea.
TABLE I
AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL MEN
Systems Systems Percentage Reporting Reporting Reporting Adequately Inadequately Inadeqaate Skilled Staff Skilled StaffTechrtia] Skill Region
Northeastern States 26 12 31.9%
Southern States 41 11 21.1%
Midwestern States 37 14 27.47 Western Mountain States 30 16 34.8%
All Systems 134 53 28.3% 21
These statistics however, may prove misleading, when considered
in light of industry growth patterns and trends in the unemployment level
across the nation. If jobs become easier to find in general, and as
system construction begins to boom again, the need for skilled technicians
may become readily apparent.
Because CATV is relatively new technology, cable operators can-
not draw from a labor pool of trained or experienced men. Even if an
operator sets out to "steal" an experienced man, he must recruit outside
of his own community. Thus, most operators simply hire the most promising
trainee they can find locally.
The best the operator can hope for is a man with some vocational
training or on-the-job experience in electronics. Only about one out of
four men currently employed by the systems surveyed in the TV Communications
study had CATV experience when hired. Better than half had some type of
electronics experience and a similar number had some formal training in electron-
ics. Four out of five were hired from within the system's community.
TABLE II
EXPERIENCE AND TRAINING OF TECH STAFF
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage of Employees of Employeesof Employeesof Employeesof Employees With Prior With Prior Formal Hired From With CATV Electronics Electronics Within Adequate Experience Experience Training CATV Tech Skills Region Cannunity Northeastern States 22% 54% 38% 87% 68% Southern States 21% 57% 35% 79% 29% Midwestern States 30% 55% 42% 76% 73% tiT,.Mountain States 34% 55% 44% 80% 65% All Systems 27% 54% 40% 80% 72% 24 22
Appalachian vocational schools are now graduating many young men with electronics skills. This is an important source of CATV technical personnel. Still the vocational graduate must be trained in. the specialized skills of the CATV installer/tech:dcian-climbing, coaxial ca"nle, frequency bandwidth, amplifier and receiving equipment, house drop l'Astariation and troubleshooting.
In response to growing needs a handful of CATV techical coIrseP have ,_,_rung up in various parts of the co=ftry. This approach to CATV manpower needs is one which merits further investigation. With the addit.lon of specialized courses in CATV technology aeded to the curriculum of
Appalachian vocational schools the needs of the cable industry in the
Region for a trained manpower pool on which to draw could be met.
The addition of intensive short term training coses in specifics of cable technology could also help update the skills of CATV tee7Licians already on the job.
Production Training
Even if formal training programs in CATV technology are begun. at Appalachian vocational schools, our job is only half completed. We have aided the cable industry only in its familiar distribution function.
The new challenge of the CATV industry, and the major concern of this study
is local production of programs for distribution through the cable.
This new emphasis on "program origination" is one that many
cable operators are ill prepared to cope with, but it is the great untapped
resource of cable television. Program origination could include instructional
programming for home and classroom; televising of local activities, such as
school board or city council meetings, community drama, civic events, or local sports; and information,,:l and educatical programmil% ,lef-L.A especially to low-income groups.
The precise coverage r a cable TV system make it the logical medium for solving the problems of loc:a: sr,:i and the econ'JmIcs of CATV also make communi.ty possitle at a drastically reduced cost.
There are several alterati:;es relatm6 c(, ;r t' exactly whc: the community should b. responsibl,e for CAP I pr,Dram
Local origination by the CATV system operator sc'n
However, to fuLcc:o-_ Ins hands of the operator w3_1,i place 1;.r: with all other -3appliE-I,, ot pr14/amm:-g ma; to distrllute CATV 1,yscerr., This competiti,Je ma cesirabi
in the lor. g r "'3 y sihce the operator's seekL-,6t;-, max imize the valle of programma;., Tc-triCC access and therefrre limit cl-Jersit
The example of local origirLati= Capxza 8.1. helpf.::. in
showing the limitations of program origination u.:ider operator sponsorship.
After as much aG ten sears of 1o7;a1 origination, operators of large Canadiaa CATV. systems tend to settle for a modest level of effort w.Ith limited experimentation... The primary f=ction becomes public relations -- maintaining favor with regulatory agencies, the government, and the public -- and the secondary function attracting nefv subscribers. All of these factors militate against direct community involvement and against providi:!g an outlet for the nonconformist and the unpopular point of view.4
3Feldman, Cable Television: Ou2rtunities and Prob:ems in Local Program Origination, (Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporati(m, September 1970).
4 Ibid., 2021. 24
An alternative to operator sponsored crigation, is placir responsibility for local origination 7:n the hads cf a broadbasE.d community association; a citizen's c(2mmunicatIons Loca de- velopment districts might will become the pare7A crganizatio -A such community councils, or at least aid in their formatio When such councils are established, they can procure their cvn ay:d studio space, and can produce programming effecti-:ely, this effrirt would satisfy
FCC requirements for local originatio, y graEE-rte television.
Traiaing of short duration, aimed at prepariri:: c.mmuity gr.pups in basics of television production would be required ia order to assure that local programming have at least minimal quality.
The training agency might be the cale operator. Several of the cable operators contacted at the Kentucky and Tennessee "CATV-CommnIty
Development" conference replied that they would bf=! willig to pre id, technical assistance to community groups interested pr,:',gram
Cable operators that have studio and mobile equipment could very well provide group training courses on evenings and weekends. The charge for such training could be a nominal fee adequate to reimburse the operator for the direct cost of the training program and provide a margin of profit.
Other agencies that could provide training of this kind include community colleges, universities, or a special CATV training and utilization aim of regional production organization. ENGINEERING REPORT
This preliminary report will involve technical aspects of the production and distribution of public service programming through use of existing systems and additional interface of new systems.
Production
The production of programs can be done by film or tape or a combination of the two.
Film has ore advantage over tape in that the film cameras can go into areas that would be difficult or impossible for a color TV mobile unit. On the other hand, film production is hampered by dependence on processing, editing, mix, etc. Tape has an advantage in having instant playback available and in the capability of instant editing and effects.
Tape production on one level requires a small army of engineers, technicians and operators, and on the most frugal level, more people than film production.
Each mode must be evaluated on a case by case basis to determine the most effective, most expeditious and economical use for a specific production,
Film
A basic 16 mm film equipment package (camera, audio recorder, microphones, editing equipment) could be set-up for approximately $15,000.
Processing, printing and mixing can be handled by any of a number of laboratories in the area.
25 26
It should be noted that of the 46 cable systems listed in the attached Survey #1 that eleven of the 46 had film origination capability.
It was not determined how many of these were color-capaule, but it can be assumed that the percentage is probably low. (Appenc..x
A film unit can operate out of almost any vehicle such as a station wagon.
Tape
Attached is an equipment list for a video tape mobile unit, the basic equipment being $65,000, not including a vehicle. (Appendix F)
This package represents a color quality technical capability below that of standard broadcasting but above that of the most inexpensive equipment available. The color quality capability of equipment is almost directly proportional to the capital investment. A similar unit at the highest level of quality would cost in the $500,000 range.
The two cameras listed are single tube color cameras which cost in the $9,000 range. The video tape recorder are slant track units which do not meet broadcast standards. This means that tapes recorded or played back on these units can be used on cable systems or closed-circuit systems but not on broadcast stations. It should be noted that at this time it is not possible to dub these tapes to broadcast standard tapes. It is possible to dub from broadcast tapes to slant track tapes.
If a dual capability of programming on broadcast stations as well as cable systems is desired, then a quad tape recorder will have to be added. A basic unit can 7:e purchased for $25,000.
One factor which is discussed later in the distribution section is that of type compatibility. There are over fifty different slant track
tj 27
tape speeds and modes in use. Selection of slant track recorders must consider this very important factor.
A vehicle for the tape unit must be of sufficient size and be
air-conditioned. A vehicle such as the Clark-Cortez and costing
approximately $20,000 would be ideal.
And Too
Mention must be made of the plethora of small monochrome com-
bination camera-slant track video tape recorders available. Whereas
they are low in cost and portable, they are monochrome and it is assumed
that the programming will be in color. Also, the technical quality
of the picture is considerably less than that of the equipment con-
sidered in this report. For these reasons, this level and kind of
equipment was not considered.
Distribution, Interconnection
For the purposes of this report, the systems used to transport
programs film or tape to the home receivers will be considered to be
broken down into two types, Interconnection and Distribution. Inter-
connection systems interconnect distribution systems. Distribution
systems are local in scope and Interconnection systems are area.
The attached sketch illustrates the relationships between
systems and the path or paths from the program input to the home
receiver.
Let us consider elements and paths. Live Film Satellite 28 Tape PBS Receiver ----C11111MOMINIIIIIIIMOMMENIMIMM
$411Satellite
I I I 4* I 4* Micro- Live 4* 4* wave Film 4* Off- 4* Tape 1 Satellite Air 4* Receiver
Off- IL Air 3
Cable
INTERCONNECTION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 29
Cable Systems
Already in existence in Central Appalachia are hundreds of cable systems ranging in size from those serving a handful of subscribers to systems serving thousands.
These systems receive comuercial and educational VHF and UHF broadcast stations and distribute them to homes and schools. Their raison d'etre, of course, is the mountainous terrain of Appalachia, which indiscriminately interferes with home reception of all televisionbroad- cast stations.
As will be noted from the attached Survey #2, seventeen of, the thirty-seven replying have some type of origination equipment. /This in some cases is a monochrome TV camera scanning a weatherboard. More elaborate facilities including color cameras and color slant track video tape re- corders are in some cable systems.
Tape
One possible way of getting programs to the home receiver is to bicycle video tapes to the cable systems having video tape recorders.
This method has been used for years by ETV stations to exchange programs.
Other than the vagaries of the postal service, no problems have occurred because all of the stations involved used the same video tape recorder
standard. This, unfortunately, is not true in the case of the cable systems.
There are over fifty slant track standards in use. So tapes cannot be ex- changed unless both parties have the same type and brand of recorder. In
order to distribute tapes to a large number of systems, it would be neces-
sary to have a recorder in the dubbing center for each different type in
use. These recorders range from $500 to $10,000 in cost.
329 30
Microwave
One possible way of interconnecting the cable distribution systems is bytheuse of microwave relays.
It is possible to construct and operate in the CARS (Community
Antenna Relay Service) band 12.7 - 12.95 relays to feed programs to systems. One promising system which provides multiple channels on a single transmitter-receiver system is that of Laser-Link (does not use lasers by the way). These relays are limited to 20-25 mile hops and an area wide system would run into hundreds of thousands of dollars of capital (possibly, millions). A single hop microwave relay would cost approximately $20,000.
Telephone Company
The common carriers can provide interconnection between systems.
Their CATV rate is $31.50 per mile per month and extrapolation of this into an area wide system will result in a hefty operating figure. This interconnection by them uses both video cable and microwave.
Satellites and Things
One method of interconnection which holds great promise is that of satellite relay.
In the Spring of 1973, NASA will launch an experimental satellite called ATS-F. Two channels will be allocated to educational communications in the 2500 MHz band. With this system, it would be possible to go to selected receiving locations on the ground such as schools, cable systems,
ETV stations, etc.
Because of the cost of the receiver-converter and the size of the receiving dish, it appears unlikely at this time and for some time to come that direct to home transmission will be possible. 31
Proponents of the system are claiming a $5no per receiving location.
This shouid he considered with suspicion since present rffs systems operating on the ground utilize 2500 Mllz and the down-converter cost of
these is on the order of $1500. It should be expected that satellite
transmission over longer distances will create more technical problems which may increase the cost.
Even with increased cost, it is not unrealistic to consider a sattelite
receiving system as being within the reach of many cable systems.
ETV
Already existing within the area are ETV networks and stations.
These are interconnected by private and common carrier supplied microwave
systems. It would he possible to interconnect several of the stations and networks by microwave and/or Off-Air systems. See 6ppendix I-0 for a
sketch of the ETV stations within the study area.
Most of the cable systems already carry the ETV stations (as required by the FCC). (Appendix 0 shows the percentage.
In the three states within the area, the stations may be programmed
from single input points in each state.
All of the states have ETV production facilities which would be available for program production.
Summary
Generally, it appears that the technology is available to trans- port educational communications in just about any mode. There does not appear to be any single transmission method which can reach every home in
Central Appalachia. 32
By using a combination of all of the existing systems plus satellite communications, most of the homes can be reached.
The answers to the questions and choices posed in this report depend mostly on the choice of soft ware, the intended a'idience and the funds available. PROBLEMS
Funding Delays
Delays in funding have considerably effected the accomplishment
of project goals in the time frame originally projected. Although work was authorized and begun on April 15, 1971, payment was delayed in
Washington until mid-June. After a short processing period in Frank-
fort, funds became available, yet as of this writing, funds have not been requested from Frankfort by the University.
Consequently, none of the personnel working on the project, with the exception of the secretary/staff assistant, have received payment for
services rendered, or reimbursem*nt for travel, and none of the expenses
incurred by the project have been paid.
More importantly, project activities had to be curtailed for lack of operative funding. For instance, planned local and national travel has repeatedly been postponed in expectation of receiving funds. The
national visitation of innovative CATV systems, originally scheduled for
late June, has now been re-scheduled for late September, therefore making
impossible inclusion of the results of that trip in the Interim Report.
Administrative Difficulties
Complicating the funding delays and partially responsible for them, were a series of administrative problems at the University level, related
to the grant structure, its method of payment, and the many procedural
changes that have oocurred in the project development.
Consultant work began on April 15, with University approval, under
the assumption of a direct payment system. In late June however, the University
33 34 was notified that the grant would flow through the state interaccount system. This funding change, plus other contributing factors, re- sulted in a directive on July 28, 1971, curtailing further project consultant work.
A considerable amount of confusion resulted from this revision in policy. Project personnel did not know if the project was to be continued, or terminated. It was, for a time, unclear if payment for services rendered would be made or denied. The uncertainty of the project status, considerably slowed completion of project objectives, especially coming as it did, immediately before the Interim Report was to be prepared.
Fortunately, the situation has now been normalized and progress on the study is running smoothly. However, the one month period lost out of the middle of the grant period might make completion of the project by its targeted date an impossibility. If warranted, an extension will be requested. 35
RECOMMENDATIONS
From the preceding preliminary analysis of CATV in Central
Appalachia, certain conclusions about future policy can be drawn.
(1) There is wide agreement in the field that support of local origination by CATV system's does serve the public interest and should therefore be encouraged. Such divergent national organizations as the
RAND Corporation, the Federal Communications Commission, the National
Cable Television Association, and most recently PubliCable, a coalition of educational and public service agencies concerned with the development of cable TV, have endorsed the local origination of programs on CATV.
Representatives from the cable industry itself, namely Cypress
Communications and Time-Life Broadcasting, have in recent months, for- mulated policies for their member systems that are highly supportive of local program origination.
In the region, the Tennessee Valley Authority has expressed interest
in development of public service cablecasting, as have many cable operators and local development districts personnel contacted during the last few months. Despite the widespread interest nationally and regionally, there are also important hinderances to development and expansion of local CATV
programming.
Before significant development of CATV programming by community
groups in Appalachia can begin, three related problems must be solved.
Those problems are: (1) lack of leadership, (2)financing and, (3) equipment. 36
During the balance of the grant period ways of solving these interrelated problems will be sought and reported to the Commission.
(2) Since local program origination on CATV is in the best interest of the public and should be encouraged, the Appalachian Regional Com- mission should be playing a much more active role in the regulatory matters that will determine the future of cable TV and therefor significantly effect the Appalachian population, For instance, the FCC's CATV rule package that is currently before Congress, will not apply to those CATV
systems outside the top 100 markets. In addition to discriminating against the large percentage of the population beyond the radius of the few major metropolitan centers within the Appalachian Region, it also robs them of the public service benefits they sorely need.
The current FCC rule package will probably, however, undergo several revisions before it appears in the form of a Final Report and
Order. The Congress, the CATV industry and certainly, broadcasters, will have much to say about the final form the rule package will take, The
Appalachian Regional Commission would be abdicating its responsibility to
serve the best interests of the people of Appalachia, if it did not file comments with the FCC on its views of the Commission's CATV rule package.
Input by the Appalachian Regional Commission should also immediately
(before October 1971) be made to the Office of Telecommunications Policy's
task force on CATV. A report will be issued by that Office sometime in
October that will suggest long-range policies for CATV. For instance,
at a meeting in Washington on August 31, 1971, Mr. Walter Hinchman,
Director of OTP's CATV task force stated that his group was studying the
issues of guaranteed access for reception purposes, and federal subsidies of
CATV public programming. 37
Both of these idea's could have far reaching impact on improving communications in Appalachia. Although outside the scope of this study, it is strongly suggested that Appalachian Regioral Commission should more actively foster that improvement.
(3) Since we have determined that local program origination does indeed serve the public interest, let us now look at how such community programs may be produced. To analyze that question calls for another,
"which community are we interested in serving?"Will we be serving one community system or several? Local or regional? The answer for CATV is both. The differences are content treatment, technical quality, and pro- fessional commitment.
With minimal training, local production for a single CATV outlet can be done with existing, inexpensive 1/2inch video tape equipment by non-professional people --- that is everyday community people; civic and service groups, schools, artists, mechanics, police, firemen, and the whole gamut of educational and governmental organizations.
Lightweight portable equipment can roam the community in the hands of almost any freshly-instructed citizen and make video tapes of some uniqueness and quality sufficient for local cable television. Much of this videotape equipment is already available and in use in school systems,
and in industry, across Appalachia. This equipment, plus studio facilities available at CATV systems, could be very helpful in providing the technical base on which community television can begin.
On the other hand, programs for the Region are more complicated, both for production, engineering, personnel, and distribution. The size
of the coverage area and the philosophy behind television directed specifically 38
for Appalachia would dictate a mobile production unit. Such a unit would essentially be a TV studio-on-wheels designed to concentrate on delivering information specifically related to solving Appalachian problems, such as programs on outmigration, health care, job-retraining, Appalachian culture, pre-school and adult education, and environmental conservation.
This kind of production means professionally qualified people.
People with the skills and commitment to work full time as part of a creative team, travel throughout areas of Appalachia, be comfortable with media equipment, and be able to produce programs with broader interest for the Region at large.
This quality of production, even for CATV, also calls for more sophisticated technical equipment. The need to reach many systems means at least one generation higher video equipment, (one inch or two inch
VTR) and the need to reach more people means color.
We are hereby, recommending the establishment of a regional production company, with ARC Funds, that would have the skills and experience ne- cessary to meet the challenge of producing original, uniquely Appalachian television. Such a company would work in close concert with ETV networks in all three states in mutually supportive roles, and with development districts to identify local needs for programming.
(4) To oversee the development of public service programming on
CATV in the Region will be facilitated by a multi-state, multi-purpose, structure with roots in Appalachia. It would be the function of such a structure to identify, organize, and funnel fundings into local communities, in cooperation with local developments districts, to support development of 39
community communications councils for programming on CATV, either on a demonstration or continuous basis.
Such a center would provide a focal point of leadership for local communities interested in program origination, for communities in franchise negotiations, and for those localities in need of technical assistance.
The programming arm of such a structure would be the regional pro- duction organization discussed previously. Training of local community leadership in CATV production matters would also be part of the function of such a production unit.
Liasion with Appalachian vocational schools to begin programs for formal training of CATV technicians would be another function of the overall organization. Liasion with governmental, education, and community service groups would also be accomplished through such an Appalachian-based
CATV development center.
(5) The pursuit of domestic satellite utilization for CATV interconnection in the Region is highly encouraged. The ATS satellite, to be launched in 1973, could provide an inexpensive means for interconnecting the many CATV systems throughout the Region. If the recommended CATV center and its production arm is in operation by that time, it could provide an important software input into the satellite system of intercon- nection. The satellite interconnect system is viewed as an entirely complementary adjunct to the CATV center and production company hereby proposed. A stationary domestic satellite would allow inexpensive net- working of the Appalachian Region true, but without quality programming designed specifically for the people of the Region, it would be a meaningless exercise in technology. Although the system of program distribution is important, it is the programming which ultimately must prove itself. 40
WORK FORECAST
During the second half of the grant period work will con- tinue on the major areas covered in this report. As new information becomes available the report will be revised accordingly. The "CATV
Facilities Survey" will be updated as will the "Programming Survey."
The "Ascertainment of Needs Survey" will gain new dimension by adding another method of determining local needs.
The "Training" and Engineering" sections of the study will be refined and finalized, by addition of data gleaned from national visitations, continued meetings with CATV operators, and the planned conference in Appalachian Virginia. The series of planning sessions in each of the six Developments Districts will also provide new infor- mation to be used in these sections.
The major area's of work left to be accomplished are threefold:
(1) Development District - CATV Utilization Plan, (2) Experimental
CATV Information, (3) Alternate Organizational Structures.
Development District - CATV Utilization Plan
In the remaining months of the contract period a series of meetings will be held in the Development Districts under investigation.
The objectives of these meetings will be to accurately determine the particular programming needs of each district. This information will supplement the information previously gathered and found in the
"Ascertainment of Needs Survey" section of this report.
4.3 41
The second objective will be to develop plans in conjunction with each Development District to assist that district in utilizing their local
CATV system for public service programming.
Out of this series of meetings will be divised a plan which might
serve as a model for utilization of CATV by other Development Districts
in the Appalachian Region.
Experimental CATV Information
In order to take advantage of innovative developments and
determine possible applications within the study areas of such developments,
the consultant team will visit a number of CATV systems throughout the
country that have been recognized as innovative.
Present plans call for visitation of systems in New York,
New York; Beloit, Wisconsin; Grand Junction, Colorado; and several
systems in northern and southern California. In performing there
visitations the consultant team will gather information on local programming,
costs of operations, technical components, mobile equipment, franchises,
personnel, and other relevant data.
Alternate Organizational Structures
Intensive investigation and review of alternative organizational
structures will be done during the coming months. Consultation with
the projects legal counsel is planned in order to determine the best
structure from the legal point of view.
Visits to the CATV systems in New York City will provide
valuable insight into structure of community access channels for public
service programming. Other models, such as the Tri-Cities development,
44 42
will also be closely studied. Inquiries to the FCC have already been made, related to comprehensive community control plans made known to that agency, by similar projects across the country.
The consultant team will meet in late October to review all relevant information and determine what organizational structure will be recommended to most efficiently and effectively serve the public service programming needs of the study area. 43
PROJECT CALENDAR PHASE II
SEPTEMBER 10 Potential members of Ad Hoc Advisory Committee contacted and requested to serve on Committee
SEPTEMBER 13-14 Trainer and Administrator - Visit to Washington, DC to discuss training component with government agencies. Consultation with projects legal coun- sel on alternate organizational structures.
SEPTEMBER 21 Consultant Team Meeting in Lexington, Kentucky.
SEPTEMBER 24 Virginia CATV - Community Development Meeting.
OCTOBER 4 Planning session - Gateway Area Development District
OCTOBER 6 Planning session - Kentucky River Area Development District
OCTOBER 11 Planning session - 1st Tennessee - Virginia Area Development District
OCTOBER 12 Planning session - Upper Cumberland Area Development District
OCTOBER 17-21 National Association of Educational Broadcasting Convention
OCTOBER 25 Planning session DILINEWISCO
OCTOBER 26 Planning with yet to be chosen Area Development District in Virginia
OCTOBER 30 to NOVEMBER 7 National Visitations
NOVEMBER 10 Brief reports due in to Administrator on national visitations
NOVEMBER 15 Finals reports due in to Administrator for pre- paration of final report
NOVEMBER 30 Final report draft copies prepared for submission to Kentucky Program Development Office
DECEMBER 15 Submit to Kentucky Program Development Office 35 more copies of report if draft copy approved. 44
APPALACHIAN COMMUNITY TELEVISION EXPENDITURES
April 16, 1971 - August 15,1971
A. Direct Costs
1. Personnel Salaries A. Consultants $3,400.00 B. Secretaries 797.00
SUBTOTAL PERSONNEL SALARIES $4,197.10
. 2. Travel 326.31
3. Communications 71.07
4. Supplies 118.00
5. Equipment 80.00
TOTAL $4,792.00
4 45
BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES THROUGH AUGUST 15, 1971
ITEM ALLOCATED EXPENDED BALANCE
1. Personnel Salaries
A. ConsultantAdministrator $3500.00 $800.00 $2700.00 B. ConsultantEngineer 2000.00 600.00 1400.00 C. ConsultantTrainer 1500.00 750.00 750.00 D. ConsultantFinancial 800.00 450.00 350.00 E. ConsultantLegal 2000.00 800.00 1200.00 F. Secretary- Staff Asst. 1560.00 797.10 762.90
2. Travel
A. Local $1680.00 $124.00 $1556.00 B. National 2270.00 202.31 2067.69
3. Communication
A. Telephone $ 654.00 $ 65.65 $ 588.35 B. Postage 60.00 5.42 54.58
4. Supplies $ 300.00 $118.00 $ 182.00
5. Equipment $ 150.00 $ 80.00 $ 70,00
$16,474.00 $4,792.48 $11,681.00
4 o APPENDIX A 46
CUMBERLAND DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT Box5076 TENNESSEE TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY COOKEVILLE, TENNESSEE 38501 OFFICE: 332 Business Administration B!c:Ig PHONE: (615) 526-0229
August 24, 1971
Mr. Lamar Marchese P. 0. Box 1353 Morehead State University Morehead, Kentucky 40351
Tilden Curry has asked us, Mr. Marchese,
. . .to cooperate with you as one of the Districts in Tennessee interested in CATV. We will be happy to do so.
Although we have very little cable television in our area, and it does not seem to be progressing at any very rapid rate, we do have hopes for the future. We want to keep abreast of what is going on and work with you in any way we can.
Donald S. Wa efield Executive Director
DSW:lm 47
APPENDIX B
CATV SYSTEMS
Appalachian Sections
of
Kentucky, Tennessee, &Virginia
SATURATION CHANNELS TOTAL POTENTIAL CURRENT SYSTEM NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE POPULATION SUBSCRIBERS SUBSCRIBERS
KENTUCKY SYSTEMS (92.9) 4 1,500 350 325 *Allen (47.0) 12 3,211 1,200 564 Barbourville (87.5) 3 1,000 200 175 Beattyville (91.0) 5 1,900 300 273 Benham 430 (43.0) 12 4,302 1,000 Berea (89.6) 5 1,688 500 448 Burkesville 5 1,500 1,160 (77.3) Cumberland 5,000 5 500 400 (80.0) Elkhorn 1,085 12 800 600 (75.0) *Flemingsburg 2,500 12 3,000 2,200 (73.3) Harlan 5,700 5 1,000 600 (60.0) Irvine 3.000 8 2,200 850 720 (84.7) *Liberty 1,038 (74.1) 12 4,400 1,400 London (100%) 5 3,810 450 450 Lynch (100%) 7 1,868 500 500 Manchester 6 350 330 (94.2) Martin 3,000 12 2,300 1,806 (78.5) Maysville 8,451 5 225 225 (1007.) McKee 750 12 3,950 1,450 (36.7) *Middlesboro 15,000 12 1,200 500 (41.7) Monticello 4,000 12 2,000 1,300 (65.0) Morehead 4,390 5 450 350 (77.0) *Mount Vernon 1,100 5 2,000 1,400 (70.0) *Paintsville 5,800 5 600 438 (73.0) Pineville 3,200 5 1,000 895 (89.5) Prestonsburg 3,133 12 3,500 1,103 (31.5) *Richmond 16,600
1971-edition Source: *Broadcasting Sourcebook
Television Factbook1969-70-edition 48
APPENDIX B (Continuation)
SYSTEM TOTAL POTENTIAL CURRENT SATURATION CHANNELS POPULATION SUBSCRIBERS NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE SUBSCRIBERS
Salyersville 1,173 300 200 (66.0) 3 Tompkinsville 2,091 500 125 (25.0) 12 *Williamsburg 3,400 600 499 (83.2) 6 *Winchester 16,900 4,500 2,664 (59.2) 12
VIRGINIA SYSTEMS
*Abingdon 4,758 1,500 467 (31.1) 12 Big Stone Gap 4,688 700 600 (85.0) 5 Bluefield- (VA & TN) 30,000 9,000 5,100 (56.7) 12 Bristol (VA & TN) 37,244 4,000 2,165 (54.1) 12 *Buena Vista 8,000 1,800 650 (36.1) 8 *Covington 11,000 6,300 4,200 (66.7) 12 Dante 1,250 450 285 (63.3) 5 *Galax 5,300 1,650 624 (36.8) 12 Harrisonberg 16,000 4,500 3,800 (84.4) 5 Lebanon 2,089 1,500 355 (23.7) 12 Marion 8,500 2,100 1,600 (76.2) 12 Pulaski 10,469 2,950 1,100 (37.2) 12 Richlands 4,963 2,600 1,114 (42.8) 5 *Saltville 2,844 1,086 1,043 (96.0) 12 Stauton 22,232 3,000 1,750 (58.3) 12 Tazewell 3,000 1,000 800 (80.0) 12 Waynesboro 15,694 2,778 2,189 (78.8) 12
TENNESSEE SYSTEMS
Elizabethton 10,896 1,500 800 (53.3) 12 *Erwin 5,000 2,000 1,593 (79.6) 12 *Greenville 13,000 4,700 1,679 (35.7) 12 Harriman 5,931 2,600 1,250 (48.0) 12 Johnson City 32,375 5,000 3,300 (66.0) 12 *Kingsport 34,000 29,156 12,679 (43.0) 12 *Lafollette 7,500 1,400 850 (60.7) 7 Morristown 23,000 3,000 1,513 (50.4) 10
51 49
APPENDIX B (Continuation)
SYSTEM TOTAL POTENTIAL CURRENT SATURATION CHANNELS POPULATION SUBSCRIBERS NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE SUBSCRIBERS
TENNESSEE SYSTEMS
*Oak Ridge 33,000 6,000 2,000 (33.3) 10 Rockwood 5,345 1,445 417 (28.9) 12 Rogersville 3,000 500 260 (52.0) 12 *Tullahoma 15 000 1,200 900 (75.0) 12
TOTALS 511,230 142,440 55,083
AVERAGE (64.4)
Source: *Broadcasting Sourcebook CATV, (Washington, DC: Broadcasting Publications- NC, 1971).
Television Factbook, (Washington, DC: Television Digest Inc., 1969-70). 50
APPENDIX C
LOCAL PROGRAM ORIGINATION IN STUDY AREA
TENNESSEE
1, Gatlinburg Film and live origination
2. Johnson city - Kingsport - Bristol Beginning local live with community advisory board.
3. Morristown Live origination
4. Newport Local live origination
5. Oak Ridge Local live origination/ties in with high school
KENTUCKY
1, Corbin One hour live per week
2. Cumberland Local live and film
3. London Local live origination
4. Middlesboro Film origination two hours per week Live origination three hours per week
5. Morehead Intermittent origination - no regular schedule
6. Russell Film origination 84 hours per week Beginning local live.
VIRGINIA
1. Pulaski Local live four hours per week
Sd 51
APPENDIX D
SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE FORM
CATV W COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT QUESTIONNAIRE
Name of Respondent
Business Address
Business Phone
Name of Organization
Title in Organization
A. COMMUNITY NEEDS
(1) What is the most pressing problem facing your community?
(2) What other significant problems are facing your community?
(3) What do you consider are Eastern Kentucky's most pressing problems?
5'1 52
APPENDIX D (Continuation)
(4) Do you feel that the problems of Eastern Kentucky are shared by the rest of the Appalachian Region? Please Explain--
B. PROGRAMMING NEEDS
(5) Do you think the media (TV, Radio, Newspapers) in your community are doing an adequate job of informing the public about local issues and problems?
(6) Do you think that local program origination by cable TV systems could aid in the solution of local problems?
(7) (If you answered YES to question six) How can cable TV help in dealing with these local problems?
(8) Listed below are several types of programs that a local CATV system might produce. Rank them by placing 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 next to the letters in the order which you feel are most important. For example, if you think A is most important put a 1 beside it, if you choose D as the second choice put a 2 beside it and so one
A. Local News B. Coverage of governmental meetings (city council, etc.) C. Local Sports (high school, little league) D. Instructional Programs ("How To", Adult Education) E. Public Affairs (election returns, special issues, telethons)
t5 3 53
APPENDIX D (Continuation)
(9) Name several other types of cable TV programs that you think would be helpful in solving the problems of your community?
C. DEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS (To be answered by Development District personnel)
(10) What problems do you foresee in developing TV programs in conjunction with CATV systems within your District?
(11) Would short seminars for your staff production techniques for cable TV be helpful in overcoming the problems mentioned above?
(12) Would on site technical assistance in programming, utilization and production be helpful in stimulating your Development District to begin CATV programming?
D. CATV (To be answered by CATV owners/operators/staff)
(13) Are you now originating local community service programming?
(14) Do you plan to begin local program origination in the near future? 54
APPENDIX D (Continuation)
(15) Would your system look favorably upon working with Development Districts to produce CATV programming designed to meet the developmental and educational needs of your area?
(16) Besides Development Districts, which community groups in your locale do you think would be interested in using your facilities for program origination?
(17) Would you provide technical assistance to community groups for program origination?
(18). Would you be interested in participating in a regional cable television network?
(19) Would you be interested in programming by an outside community service agency, in exchange for free cable time? 55
APPENDIX D (Continuation)
(20) Where do you now get your technical personnel?
(23) Do you have difficulty in acquiring trained technical per- sonnel?
50 APPFNDIX E L.') In'4) STATE - KY * SYSTEMS* WITH ORIGINATION CAPABILITY AUTOMATED CAPABILITIES * STOCK * * * DATE JUNE, 1971 ** PROGRAM ORIGINATION* PAGE KY- * * 1 CAPABILITIES* ** DATE * KENTUCKY CABLE T. V. * *HEATHER * YES * TICKER * TICKERNEWS * ** OTHER ** YESADS ** PLANNED *** SLIDES ** FILM ** VTR * LIVE ** ADS ** PLANNED * / /72* * OHIOCAMP6ELLSVILLE,MAIN ST.VALLEY CABLEVISION KY. INC. ** YES ** * ** * YES * ** ** ** * * ** * CARROLLTON,603 HIGHLANC KY.AVE. 41008 * ** * * * * ** * ** YES * YES ** ** ** CUMBERLAND,CUMBERLAND114 MYERS T. ST.KY. V., 40823 INC. ** ** ** * * * **** ** YES * YES ** YES ** YES * * FRANKFCRT,323CONSOLIDATED ANN ST. KY. TV 40601 CABLE SERV. ** YES ** ** *A* * YES * ** YES * ** *. ** * * COMMUNITY325 ANN ST.SERVICES INC. ** * ** * ** * ** ** ** YES *** YES *** ** ** 214GLASGOWFRANKFORT, W. MAIN CABLEVISION, KY.ST. 40601 INC. ** YES ** YES * ** ::* YES * **** YES * * YES ** YES ** YES ** * KENTUCKYGLASGOW, CABLE KY. 42141T. V. ** YES * ** ** ** YES ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** RGREENVILLE,MAIN V CABLE-VISION,ST. KY. INC. *.* YES * ** * YES ** **. **** * * ** YES ** ** ** 108 NORTH GREENVILLE ST. * ,,.* * * * * ** ** * * * ** * 614HOPKINSVILLEHARRODSBURG, N. MAIN ST., CABLEKY- PO40330 TV, BOA 753 INC. ** YES * ** * ** * **** **. ** * YES ** * ** HOPKINSVILLE, KY. 42240 ** YES ** * *Y.. * YES * ***4, * * .* * YES * ** 214KENTUCKYGLASGOW, WEST MAINCABLE KY. ST.42141T. V. *CITY* SERVED * HORSE CAVE * ** ** ** **** * * ** ** * * LEBANON,243LEBANON WEST KY. CABLEMAIN 40033 ST.TV CO., INC. ** ** ** ** YES ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** NORTHELILABETHTCAN,KENTUCKY MULLBERRY CABLE ST.KY.T. V. *CITY* SERVED YES ** - LEITCHFIELD * ** *4 YES ** **** ** * ** ** 4* * * * ' * * * * * AADISONVILLE,52MADISONVILLF SOUTH MAIN CABLEVISIONST.KY. 42431 CO. * YES *t t ** *a ** YES ** ****. ** * ** ** * 04/C1/71* **. in APPENDIX E (Continuation) SURVEY NO. 1 JUI\E, 1c,71 0Aut KY 2 STAT..: KY 0u SYSTEMS* *ITn- Li-IL,INATION NchS AUTLI-.ATE,, CAPAnILITILS u STUCK u* CAPABILITY*0 * PLAN'siEJ DATa **.0*0 PoU61-AM (YIu(NATICNu* FILM * VTR * . LIVE CAPALSILIIIIS* AOS *. PLANNED *DATE . MAYFIELD CABLE1wISIJN CO., INC. * *mEATHER u YES * * TICKER * *u TICKEP nu* UTHER ** ADS uu* **0* SLIJLS A** ** * ** 0* *4 MAYFI=LD,6C7MIODLESOOPO .:. OROAOmAYKY. 42C6o CATV SYSTEM INC. *4,u* YES **u4 4* *4 YtS .** YES *u* ..nn4*4 n YES * YES * YLS u * YES * YES ** ** MIDDLESBCk0,2119 CUt4:JERLANC KY. AVE.40965 * *u ** ** * *. 4-*** * * YES * 4' YES u* * 04/ /71* * MOREHEAD113 N. nILSCNTV CABLE CO. u*. YES *u* *u.* u* YES u* * g-.*a*:<*a *. * .** u** ** * mOkEFEAD,MOUNT STERLING KY. 40351 ANTENNAVISION ST. u** *u* * *u YES ** **u .,..*, u* * *.* YES *. ** u*. MOUNTPO BOX STERLING, 303, 42 E.KY. MAIN 40391 INC. u* YES * u* *u * * 00cox **'' *x ** ** *u ** MURRAY105 CABLEVISIONN. 5TH CO., *u * **u *u ** 4. * **u* N.* u* ** * * ** * MURRAY,TV CABLE KY. CCRP. 42G71 *u* YES *u. *u *u *u u* ..*n*o .** u* * ** * * PAINTSVILLE,BRCADvk:Y KY. 41420 ** YES *u **u *u4. u* * *n*. 4,** uYe* ** ** * * PRINCETONPRINCETON,103 EAST CABLEVISIONGREEN KY. 42445 CO. *uu *u* 0nu *4, * * 4, 4,V4M 4n n*4, *u* ** * *u* ** SOMERSET,113TELEVISION .. NT. KY. VERNCNRECEPTION 425C1 ST. COM). *CITY SERVED YES: 0 PuLASKI 4,* COUNTY * u 4,u **44 * ** * 4, * ** * / ** NEhKENTUCKY FIALLACE CABLE BLDG. T. V. .A4* YtS u*04, 0.* 4*# *4* YES **4 *4-4x-..q *. *. u* ** ** /72* ** RICHeOND,TELECEPTION KY. CF WINCHESTER *0u YES * *4* *u* *u * ur-0-xn4 *. u* ** YES ** * ** WINCHESTER,116 S. MAPLE KY. ST, 40391 PO BOA 235 ** *u ** 4-* * ** *4** * * * * a Jr 1 LnBD STATE - TN APPENDIX E (Continuation) . *SYSTEMS NE's AuTGATi:G CAPA8ILITIES " 1THSTOCK UkIGINATION CAPABILITY - JUN:, u * * DATE " ** 1971 PkuGRAm OkIGINATIGN* PAGE TN- * * CAPAOILITIES.x, * PATE *' BRISTCL1304 .. CALEvISION STATE ST. .*' AEATHE. YES *' .4TICKET .X. *A TICKEk * OTHER * ADS * PLANNED * * * ** SLIDES **u FILM * VTk * LIVEYES «* YES * YES ** *a* ADS * PLANNED * * .*09/ /71* * -4. . "** * * * * * * COLUMZ:IABRISTLL, TN.TV CABLc37620 7Tri ST. *'* *4 ft4.. ** * YES * ** **«* ft*« * *YES * YES ** * ** *.* C.C.LjmEiA,2C7 .. TN. 364C1 *.* YES .at* *X. 4** ** =* ** ** *.* *ft ** * * EAYETTEVILLE,200FAYETTEVIL_E .EsT CCmmuNITyTN. Tv X...r,r,F7 ST. .7733 ." . .'* ** * ** u*** * *.* * * ** * 1019jACKSLN CAMP,!ELL CUMMUNITY ANTENNA INC. _18301 ** YES *V u 1:,* * YES ** YES ** **** YES * YES *. YES * YES ** YES * * 407JOI-NSUNJACKSON, ,i. CITY TN. TV CABLE CC. ** YES * .a. * * * a*v*** ** ** ** ** ** * CYPkESSJOhNSON CABLECITY, TVTN. CF 37b01 KINC,SPORT .4LNuT ST. ** YES *. c* *. ** YES * *4,**** YES ** YES «* YES ** YES ** YES ** * * X.* * * * ** .1/4 * * * * LA.RENCEouRGKINi3SPO,"-.T,235 E. CHAKLEMGNT TN.CABLE 376o( TV *. YES .* * * *.* *' **** * ** * * * ** LAeiRENCEbUku,502 NCRTH LCCLST TN. 38464ST. *=* **4 c** .* ** ** X:*** * ** *.* * ** ** ** CLEARLEXINGTON,ChUKCH VISICN ST. TN.TV CD.3d351 *.* YES .* ** ** ** ** **** *. * YES ** YES * * * muRISTC.%21C S. HILL CrLE ST. TV ** YES *. 4* * ** YES ** *a** * *ft* YES ** YES ** YES * * MCkKIST::.N, 7N. 37814 *4 YES Y.:*4 ** * *S. *4 *4**. ** * * * * * PARIS,1001MIDDLE MINERALTN. TEN%ESSFE 38242 ',,ELLS CATV D. * *...* TAX. * * * **** ** * * ** * * 13CPULASrsI NurzTri 2ND ST. Ci,L,LE TV * YFS *4. .* ** * YES * ** *« ** *m .* *.* * PULASKI, IN. 3E476 *. :x Y.= * ** * * ***44* * ** «* *4 * * 217COFFEE N. C.O.,,NTYATLANTIC CATV c* YES * Y.,. * * YES * 44** ft * Y.. * * 06/ /72* * TuLLAhcmA, TN. 37386 ** 4ft 44 4*. *4* * *** 4 * * *4 .4it *.* ** ** UNIUNCLLR;311 CITY, S.VIslu*t, SECLN0 TN. TV36201 ST.Cu. OF TENN. **'4 YES .* *-* 4a * YES *4 ***4** *4* ** *4 *a '* * * In APPENDIX E (Continuation) * SY.STEMs uITh 01.1.I NATION CAPA6ILITY JUNE, ** 1C71 P.4G6,AM PAGE 6RUINATICN VA 1 CAP4eILITIES * DATE TE *.D * a, ST4Tc vA .* AEATHEu .* TICKLR NEus Aji;:Alb; LAPAbILITIES * *SToCK TICKLR * OThER * ADS * PLANNED GATE **** SLICES * YESFILM ** VU.YES . ** LIVEYES ** YESACS * PLANNED * * JEFFET,S6%324 .. NA CAELEI; CG,QP. **: YES t*'.* A4* * YES ** YES * ***4. YtS .* *A .V .* * * Ch4,:LUTTESv:LLE, VA. L2901 * * 4 4. ** ** *A *4*. * * * * * * C46LEy:s1::.356 .. .',4I .j. ST. 24,20V17,6INIA, INC. *A YES A** A* 4* ** * 44** * A* * *A *A ** CISVICT,,N, 1 V4. *A YES ** YES * YES * YES * YES *' ** YES * YES u* YES * YES ** YES * * C A ..\\I LLE : .' .:1-'Z'Y :SI C; CG. 1.,* * ** \A * * .. * * 04NVILLE,5bGFLi-or-,1S,:AdUC, PATT-DN 'iL. ST. T;ANS VI .c° .::4541 *. YES -4,4 A* V* ** ** ** A* ** ** * 4* ** 17bG `:.Tr !....1.. ST. ** * *4 .* '`v* *. .*** "* *'` ** ** * * 1-i-,.=,1SCNE.L='3, VA. 225G:1 ** *4 i* ** * YES 'x* G5/ /71 ** * YES ** YES ** YES * YES ** 09/ /71* * M4;.-TINSVILLE,M.ARTI%SfILL7111 EAsT CLDLFV1SIL:N vA. c4112 INC. :-'4I`. ST. **A YES *. *0 * * * *4 **** *a. - *4 ** * * * h4t'PICN101(.5 JEFPEhSCNPGADS CaeLEvisluN A\,F. (\Li's, C:i. **u YES ** ** ** ** YES *.* ****.,* YES * YES *A* YES *A YES * YES ** ** .RESTC% Ir.NSissiLNNcA,,u.4T CZ:. V... 23o5 .=* YES * i ** ** ** YES * 05/01/71 **** YES ** YES * YES * YES * YES r.* * 1614 CHINNEY hCuSt D. ,.. V- A * * A 44 * * '`* * V* * RESTEN,STI-UTON V4. VIL.:L. 22C73 Cj;,?. 4 YES 44 4* * * *'` 4. "*aA* YES ** YES * YcS ** YES * YES * G4/ /71* * I_ a A * * :0, 308STAUNTCN, N. CENT- v4. 24401 :.VE. .* *A 4*4h 4A* ** YES *4 ****Ai. * * YES *4* YES ** YES ** 05/01/71* * CLbLz CG:-,P. ..- YES TA V. m * * * 41710ANESnCI-C,JEFFE ;..ukTm LELPri:.,t1 vA. 229hC A. V* A* .4* *0. *4 * ***. v* * ** ** * * bsYThvILLF:NYTHVILLE,140 S;:oTH TELECAELE EISTVA. ST. .* YES *A * ** * * ** * ** * ** * * 60 PT-603 (0671)
APPENDIX F
BASIC SYSTEM #3
COMPACT COLOR TELEVISIONSTUDIO PACKAGE
(2) PK-730A Color StudioCameras
(1) PFS-710A Color Film System
(1) RCA 870C Color Video TapeRecorder
(1) RCA 800AC Color VideoTape Recorder
(1) VS-153A Video Switcher
(1) PAM-1 Audio Mixer
(1) PTC-2 Console
(1) Lighting Package
BASIC EQUIPMENT PRICE: $64,650.42 PT-603 RCA No. PAOE._61 _.__ SCHIE:Mit.E.: A (0671) APPENDIX F (Continuation)
EsTivA.!o mINOk M. I DISCPIPTION AND UNIT PRICE AMOUNT No.Eioomt. - ^ _ -
BASIC SYSTEM #3
Video Equipment
1 2 MS-7105 PK-730A Color. Studio Camera System with Compatible Encoder (Shipped strapped for Internal Drive) including:
la 599035 PK-730A Color Camera & Terminal @ 8890 17,780.00 Electronics lb 2 48057 6:1 Zoom Lens 50- 300nun, f4.5 @ 1500 3,000.00 with control cables(Equivalent to 20-120mm Lens in 16mm format, minimum focus distance 8.5 ft.) lc 2 48033-A Remote Control Panel (1/2 width) @ 225 450.00 ld 2 26725-E950' Camera Cable with right @ 205 410.00 angle Male Connector le 2 48188-5050' Remote Control Cable @ 80 160.00
2 2 599043 PCL-1 Cam Link Head @ 280 560.00
3 2 48139 PT-3 Heavy Duty Tripod @ 232 464.00
4 2 48140 PD-3 Heavy Duty Dolly @ 125 250.00
5 1 47792-A Rack Mounting Adaptor for PTV 30.00 Remote Conrol. Panels (Holds 2 PK-730A Remote Control Panels)
6 1 MS-7101 Self-contained PI'S -710A Color. Film System with RCA Film Projector, Kodak Slide Projector and Compatible Color Encoder (Shipped strapped for Internal Drive), Including:
6a 1 599053 PFS-710A Color Film Camera System 9,160.00 6b 1 599056 RCA PFP-1600 16mm TV Film 1,340.00, Projector with 21/2" Lens
NOTE:
1. Remote Control System not available for PFS-710A.
2. PFS-710A with internal encoder is shipped strapped for internal drive, etc. Changing strapping from in- ternal to external or external to internal can easily be accomplished by cus_temc...., h.E2_ _f_i BC 944 PT-603 RCA No. PAGE._61:?. scHmuLEA (0671) APPENDIX F (Continuation)
MINO.k.1 ITEM (duANTIT( DESCP.IMION AND UNIT PRICE A ,`.10JNI
7 1 48046 Color Test Film 27.00
8 1 557342 Test Slide Set (Monochrome) 60.00
.9 a 591182 Model 800AC Color Video Tape Recorder 4,700.00 in Portable Case .(includes Speaker and Service Manual)
10 Model 870C Color Video Tape Recorder 8,000.00 with Insert/Assemble Edit in Portable Case (includes Speaker and Service Manual)
11 2 Model 4009 Remote Control Panel @ 200 400.00 with 25' Cable for 800 Series (Specify Rack Mount)
12 2 47977 Utility Cart with Casters @ 85 170..00 (Holds Model 800 Series Video Tape Recorder)
13 1 VS-153A Video Production Switcher 2,895.00 (See page 4 for description) 14 1 47985 PTC-2 Double Width Console 490.00
15 1 47865 PSG-2 Sync Generator 1,095.00
16 3 47765 PDA-10 Pulse Distribution Amp @ 285 855.00
17 4 47766 PVD-1 Pulse Varialile Delay Line @ 275 1,100.00
18 1 47751-C PDA-2A Subcarrier Distribution Amp 300.00
19 3 47862 PDA-3 Video Distribution Amp @ 300 900.00
20 3 47752-A PRA-2 Mounting Shelf @ 45 135.00
21 4 47945 PME-9N 9" Monitor Chassis @ 220. 880.00
22 2 47946 PMM-11 Rack Hanger for 2 PME-9N @ 45 90.00 Monitors
23 1 Mark 21 RM Waveform Monitor 995.00
24 1 Mark 11-502 Image Enhancer 3,940.00
25 1 47807 PX-23C 23" Video Monitor 360.00
26 2 599101 PMC-23C 23" Color Monitor @ 325 650.00
27 1 47792-A Rack Adaptor 30.00
28 2 47968 1 3/4" Vented Blank Panel @ 21 42.00
8C 944 ),CA No. PT-603 63 SCHEDULE A (0671) APPENDIX F (Continuation)
I I I-1-;y: h,..,.:Dk ITEM OUANTIT( M. I DESCRIPTION AND UNIT Pi.ICE AMOUNT DL,,,:w :.:
Video Equipment Sub-Total $61,718.00
AUDIO & INTERCOM EQUIPMENT
29 1 586000 PAM-1 Audio Mixer 525.00
30 1 586002 Rack Adaptor for PAM-1 35.00 (Mounts .PAM-1 in Console)
31 2 11024 BK-12A Lavalier Microphone @ 85 17.0.00
32 1 11712 Bridging Transformer 28.00
33 1 47960 Audio Interphone Panel (1/4 Width) 170.00 (for Camera Intercom)
NOTE: Up to four headsets may be used in system with MI-47960 interphone panel. For larger systems use MI- 11784-A Type Interphone System.
34 3 11743 Single Headset Assembly @ 46 138.00
35 1 3537 PS-24 24VDC Power Supply 210.00
36 1 11597-D BR-22D Mounting Shelf 41.00 (Mounts Item 35) Audio Equipment Sub-Total $1,317.00
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
37 1 Porta-Studio, per attached Schedule $1,615.42 PT-530
BASIC SYSTEM 43 EQUIPMENT TOTAL $64,650-742-
NOTE: Includes major hardware items only. Does not:. include test equipment, miscel- laneous cables, coax cables, terminal boards, audio monitor amplifiers, speaker's, etc. See Optional Items for A.7,-.=?mblv/ Wire/Test and On-Site Assistance.
BC 944 6A RCA No PT-603 PAGE OF SCHEDULE A (0671) APPENDIX F (Continuation)
ESTIY,To MINOR ITEM QUANTITY M. I. DESCRIPTION AND UNIT PRICE AMOUNT DELIVER) DATE
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
38 1 47987 Set of 4 Casters for PTC-2 Console 75.00
For 10:1 Camera Zoom Lens, Delete Item lb and add Item 39.
-.39 2 599069 10:1 Zoom Lens, RTH Varatol XX @ 4750 9,500.00 40-400mm,f5.6 with control cables. (Equivalent to 16-160mm Lens in 16mm format, min. focus distance 4.0 ft.)
40 1 47977 Utility Cart (Holds PX-23C Studio 85.00 Monitor, etc.)
41 2 Type 5500 Color Corrector @ 3750 7,500.00
42 1 CB Assemble, Wire, and Test as a complete 5,675.00 operating system, including necessary cables, terminal blocks, miscellaneous small hardware, etc.
43 1 CB On-Site Installation Supervision @$190.00 per day plus Travel and Living Expenses
VS-153A SWITCHER DESCRIPTION (Item 13) 11 Inputs - Self-Contained
Inputs: 6 All composite or all N/C 5 Composite (Synchronous or non-sync)
Busses: EFFECTS A EFFECTS B C BUS COMPOSITE PREVIEW COMPOSITE PROGRAM
Note: Switcher includes program output mixer fed from EFFECTS and "C" busses.
--I BC 944 65 PT-530 Page XIXX of SCHEDULE A (0571)
APPENDIX F (Continuation) P.roduct Responsibility: R.F.Smith
ITEM fQTY. M.I. DESCRIPTION PRICE S
PORTA STUDIO, 115 VOLT Total Connected Load 69.5 Amps@115V
The "Porta Studio" Kit provides adequate lighting for a monochromeor color set area of 12' x 12'. The kit includes spring loaded verticalsup- ports and sectioned cross membersso that lighting can be ceiling-mounted without bolting or otherwisesecuring equipmerit to floors or ceilings. Entire kit packs into 3 carryingcase Packed weights are 64 lbs.,64lbs. and 125 lbs. Lighting Equipment
4 100-051 Vari-10 @ 89.00 $356.00B
4 118-013 4-Leaf Barndoors @ 19.00 76.00B
4 k76-038 1000W, 3200°K, 500 hr. @ 27.38 109.52 Quartz Lamp, Frosted
2 104-041 Multi-Broad @ 84.00 168.00B
2 120-007 Diffusion Frame @ 5.50 11,00
2 176-022 1000W, 3200°K, 500 hr. @ 15.25 30.50 Quartz Lamp, Frosted
1 104-011 Mini-10 @ 49.95 49.95
1 176-022 1000W, 3200°K, 500 hr. @ 15.25 t 15.25 Quartz Lamp, Frosted
2 108-001 Set Light @ 54.90 109.80
2 176-024 500W, 3200°K, 500 hr. @ 14.50 29.00 Quartz Lamp, Frosted
Mounting Equipment 104.00 4 164-003 Pole King for ceiling @ 26.00 height 13'9"(Extends from 52" to 13'9")
12 164-005 39" Cross Member 3.90 46.80 7.20 57.60 8 164-012 Double Clamp for Fastening @ CB 66 PT-530 Page XI of :cx SCHEDULE A (0571)
APPENDIX F (Continuation)
C O ITEMQTY. M.I. DESCRIPTION PRICE
4 164-008 Straight Arm, 12" @ 6.10 24.40 B
4 164-010 Elbow, 6" Horiz.,5" Vert. @ 7.50 30.00 B
2 164-014 3" Stud @ 8.90 17.80 B
2 164-013 Hook, for seamless roll @ 8.90 17.80 B Paper Miscellaneous Equipment
1 138-004 Diffusion Material, 10 yd. @ 12.00 12.00 B X 48"
3 142-215 Outlet box with two 15 amp @ 62.50 187.50 B receptacles & two switches, 25 ft cable (12/3 S.0.) with parallel blade u-ground connector.
2 148-001 Carrying case @ 46.50 93.00 B (For Lighting & Miscellan- eous) 44" x121/4" x16"
1 148-7.009 Carrying case @ 69.50 69.50 (For Mounting Equipment) '54" x 10" x 12" Total $1,615.42
SET LIGHT BACK LIGHT POLE-KING POLE-KING BACK LIGHT POLE-KING CROSS EAR
POLE-KING ChOS3 EAR
POLE-KIN CROSS EAR
SPECIAL CH..RT(//r LICHT
KEY LIGHT
CAMERA POLE-KING POLE -KING POLE-KING CROSS EAR FILL LICHT
!Z. 67 PT-643 (067/) APPENDIX P (Continuat-ion)
PG14 COLOR MON
CiNt-A*Z
wall)ot.r% 50 U-IN.A.A CZ%1.1 \ t:J\ NGE. 0 (b 0-CT-7 -.z(Ct-YX-al 4i1
(OA/SOL 6--Gr9YOUT s,e)sic S YSTF. At7 "I APPENDIX F (Continuation) Co 7/)PT- 6,03 COLOi? 8UX'ST Fln6 RF osYRY RECERENCEGENER4rewPc/2-i SC OS SUS CARP. DR PoN -/O OA PvD -/ HO PD/1-2R /10 Y --v.. HO 722 SitY/TCHER GEN67,2/77-OR P56-2SYNC > VOEG SYNC DRPOR -/(2 owe 40EiwYPI/Pro-1 -/ SYNC re 674//7"ClieR /VD7.44":" ee/A257 Fins pe gm/writ/6' oe.fz/cys cow:,.P6-qa4CED TO Pk-OPE/14Y Geil?.57 .5/6-71/44 Px>ori PCi? -/ CEN67.217701? 77/pi7 ans/cPULSE SYSTEM SINGLE WS Z/Ne- APPENDIX F (Continuation) - coud N c/7ifi;Ex7/,? VS 1 PME 91VC4111 adN 4/ Vrie e2 4/ V/40,50 P a it PYW DR VS MONPVW (o 7/) E,,'S PR-Z;70-n V Ca v SPV/TCHER1/5-15.311 va vs s PDR-302 vs VS PAVE -9N VEFORM C,47/4' MON '2 Vice°PVLVc27 ,YR- 2 /PM 1737P-I 1-1EZVI2 vs 1,1;'E // P6MDR vsVrVS Paa,woe a PGmoil/ //I 10,04 -3 el/ 1/17? P6 CO /Oh'z F4'O/'/oar p .5-71/0/0PX- 23C /got/ P;27/1 DR VSvs Awe- 23C ' f------"---1 P.0.9 -3 a2 vs VS . VT/? .11,90/01//66-0 VS-4 RCAwoea -800/1C.Fecoeoeg rnPff tf, yg VIDEO 0 W.-PUTSA11/0/0aOUT a T 0-0 L. CC EA.40 Cate'?/we'J71/0/0 AWN - 23C V /OEO VS VIDEO ?WPC VS r,..140E41 :AYR/104,/2.7i/vr.14 OR/YE" Y OP/ VC-' htl0/0 REC0,90ERRC/7-870C '12 >. ourea" az na 61_S - / -1A964 ("O //-001/7P05ITE) V 7 r. (/)/y/(7,ae,-;'11C (Cor4v-'0,577t) WDEO .57/1/6CE" Lave zi:1:' = Sc/3 C/:"..r:'?/EA) e://-)7"r an,Fic sri7-61.1 '913 70
APPENDIX G
NAME OF COMPANY USE KET. CHA. USING. VIDEOTAPE EQUIP.
Collins TV Cable No Cloverfork CATV, Evarts, KY No(plans for 71-72 school year) Morehead TV Cable Co.* Yes 38 Yes 1" Princeton Cablevision Co.* Yes 35 No TV Cable Corp.* Paintsville, KY Yes 39 No Akers Cable System* Martin, KY Yes 22 Yes 1/2" Hopkinsville TV Cable Corp. Yes 35 No Harlan Comm. Television* Yes 29 No King Mountain Cable Corp. Williamsburg Yes 29 No Cumberland TV Cumberland, KY Yes 22 Yes 1" Commonwealth Cable Co. Somerset, KY Yes 29 No
Mt. Vernon TV Cable Yes 46 No Consolidated TV Cable Co. Frankfort, KY Yes 29 No London Community TV Yes 29 No Middlesboro Cable TV Yes 29 Yes 1" R. V. Cable-Vision Inc.* Harrodsburg, KY Yes 46 No Cablevision Co., Maysville, KY Yes 38 No Glasgow Cable TV* Yes 23 No Glasgow Cable* Yes 23 Yes Webster All Channel Cable- vision Providence, KY Yes 35 No Flanery & Dingus TV* Prestonsburg, KY Yes 22 No Southern Cable Corp. Corbin, KY Yes 29 No Lynch TV, Inc.* Lynch, KY Yes 35 Yes 1/2" Kentucky Cable TV Inc.* Cambellsville, KY Yes 23 No Kentucky Cable TV Inc.* Richmond, KY Yes 46 No 71
Appendix G (Continuation)
NAME OF COMPANY USE KET, CHA. USING. VIDEOTAPE EQUIP.
Monticello Cable Co. Yes 29 No Liberty TV Co.* Yes 29 No Community Service*, Frankfort, KY Yes 52 Yes 1" Lawson Springs TV Cable Yes 35 No Benton Television* Yes 21 Yes 1" Tele-Ception of Winchester Yes 46 No Burton Antenna Co. Wheelwright, KY Yes 22 No Reception Co. of Somerset Yes 29 No Murray Cablevision Yes 21 No Mayfield Cablevision Yes 21 No Danville Cablevision Yes 46 1 channel allocated to school system Elkhorn City Cablesystem Yes 22 No
KET--(Kentucky Educational Television) ' -.'.C.' . -L- C.0,., tCt. .t-' 0,,,,.. .". ., ' -. '_... ,,,. ts S 1 N '''7' 4.,,, ..1 ' ' , / :, ' / . ' ' ei- ,... (t .. ., 50,4i APPENDIX H .s , c ' c, .c.. -4. ,,,;:,...... ",.;,5,),-0,7.../. z. .-/- 4, , 41, ...,. \ , . -.. 4 , 4 r .oc' r1.1-1 1--- * .LL--' - - .,.% ' k i e- , i ki.--...-- - , ' khc,"N v 4 , A, . (...t , '\' 414j?.44-.C. . ''. 0P4 csi ...... , 1- , .., .., _ ,..r 4 i ft.., -4. '4' ,,.... .--,,,,.... °.044,''. S. . -- .. -- '-o,\,-.., ,, ,f "" 4- . 4.;''' - ' 0 ".,, C. ''''' ..',. At'.1.4., r h'.. , ....a. ..' ( . lc., La .. ,,, .,,,,,,..,...->t4 , .c,.. \ .c.T.: '') e.. , -13,, ..-1 r, , ....,.. r,... ..;- .. /,c- 4-''' ... , ..-- 0,,,,. . ''.i' ni..: '4. --, .. ?..' - f "( ' " .0,, ,."..,a, ".)., - ,..,.(3,.., V ,,,,,;...... J../... 4 , A. r4c, ------'<, . l-. -., -10, t :::;,...:. -,..2. c r/;., ?i,<:::::e0..; ' ,!..' C u.c. , - ..- , C, v\i, ...... ,-) IN 1.9 (' `5." , . & ,., , / e. ,-, -..4, , ,- ., - C'..,.:% sA. , ' < , (., a ^ `tom - IP.; C2,11"*.s? '7.'C. r''''':;_,..1 '14 .:3Q7 z :\c' 1, '1'4 ° ° s - .... ,- Z ' s, - - 0 0., , 4',,. -,...,., C,,, .... . t.-"e. ,sk: .r , -7, . ..,- 5...., --, - 6., 47,,,. t ''1,,,..) - ,,,., j' . ''.... e,Pr r,...., "VNec..;::r.._;1D-1..,-5,,,`-:---^:r..i. h. , a , _..ip /.."-Ir,.t5'.-...\-" . , - , ey, r3 IN n ;,-% - Af 4 / ,,,,, M 0 \,.y- . .. -C' . / 4ssj ...yi... so - ...,:v.,,..44 0 ',- :4- 4 41 4, L e'L; ''' -) e N. 4 4 19. . ; ,,,,e / a* 0 l'i 41 ' 17.k0,, Cel rt .... ' --/ ....7 (., .c...,_ 4f st..:'''e..2 ''- I I. ,Tc,,., -. s,..,.c. Z. 0 --,- R,to 4 ft ....k, 4 ., 4s -. Scale: 1 inch = approximately 40 miles c- 'Ar 1 ;1 ir... .. - 7y , e, .k cf.\ ., 36(;.. oe.'n-- , k ) , rc ,),r "A ,. °,.- '' S2 ',o, )' , f'1,,,A 0, ...,,, ". ' - - I ' ' CP .., --',....'1.14 4'. S w. '''' ''' I',1 0 I C' C`' e 7,,, - .il, 1 '',. .... 25 25 50 75 100 Z - \ l' 4'1 , . , , ri^. 4_, t .., e L- ..., I rg'4's . ' 4f :.1 '1. 9, !2 -, .: 1 -,,,\,,' /0,... 'C41,,,,, f ' * /?,1 A,SCO?,. 4. ,..,, . '' , r ).1 S 04. ' I If) ',.., .. 9:4..6 '''. . a ',` , 'a'''. ' , -.. . 1 l,. - , ,9 ., ,.., '''' r . cc Scs )... ,.- '`c/ <,' ) .- . - 4 ,,. M1. ", ..., ) ,-- ,r -,..,. P . 6S % ...",.j. -... 0 . et"): . '''t ''''/ '" ,T. , t ,,, r) 1 e . ..).... .-- 'S..,,.. ,. : '' . : e -- t cv 1 C, ' "e,., ..._ ,,, , ,, , S id .. e; ,D, . -,,, '9.9 (cie1:6/..,c2, /644,- 8 -. ,, .. C ... .j. 7, I Y ( , ' , ,,, ' / , ,... E ( - r °O' i';;" -p. l''D , ,., ' 0.%, . , ' i . s P t. *%'" -,. ... - , p ,e? C.. k" Or t .1 ' "' 4, 24 'iv -.0: <0 . .3 - '-.2. 4, ' I '')I , ''' ,, 0 ::").e...1.6''Isi.l. .. , \`',''' V'''.1. 4 --.... I r 1,, 0 . , r, h7 ti ,r. Co V ' +90 v 4,..,:c,...9.... 4c4 ,..., 0 i- ,,, 7!'..,,,e.f.f..,,,..-,: ° 1 0 -. ' - S t / 0 0 0 -4,. 4, ...4.,, -' )./ -S. e N. .1,, L .', 00 y ,,,,-...... 0-`-:, 'let ,. - .-".c r , ,., 1 G - 0.,t, F. 'ti;;, 'is'Af.\;;t11-71. I.P' ;, e .S, 4 c,... ,,,,, eee. .. a 4.,,, Ce p. 1.2' t.;,4 S. T. 1 k14,f -1 6./i -"r 10404%,-: / ff ) A,44 ,,,,, r., . ... 117:(5, , ( 7\o.... - - - c C ., -, -2 ...r - /1/4i --4co*ki . ' 1 \ - < 'en,:"- (-).,,,, . , 7f'. . / . '90,9.., ,..%,, ,r, ..,, ''''' 41.q:'..4.°,- !At C.. 0 -, - wy-'706,..... --. --c. -, N c,, , 1 1. ; it ,, S s'S't N'''''. S ,,.. ., ',1,,'')/oS. , v '"'. 1 . NAM, , z "' w " al '/,, ..,,.,_. ,so N ,,,, i'' ,,., / .:(;, . - " C ' 0 .. * e 1.,... , : co 'a : ''oc,,,,, ....., 4:, ,,,<":b, 4,),,,,,""-5--,-1'%:;- ),,, 1 , ) 0 .. '' . r'' 'r CI --, i \ . ( 'es e'a , .,1.,,,,.6 St... 7.-.N , ' "11 0 \ i4,- r, -r--- t;,,,), ' ('0, a'" ,-,..,. ' c `-,z.i.,, N ,,s,(i:.' f5V-.:;t% '' '1.9 k A,,,.,, ... 11.._ -7. t 1 i. ar'Es f' 4',, 1' - /11- "Iif...T.- ./(Wr..,7:_.: ---- 4,, , .; ' ' .40 'e, Ab..1().f 49 >0c,ri 7. of "., er ---"-.,S . f, ....A..., ..9.,;., ' -L,..4 it. 4% ,,:,,, '') i Jr 4c / S 0 et) 4, a re .1, , 'cs 0 .,,,, : ao., ef -- . i, 4ecoe , 4' - ...- '1,te ,,.,4. -3 . I .1.4 Is'on .ov .5 .00 to 5 U fl° c ( i,It °J74 .., P0 -C. ) ''.' .. X c-:?.,c,-;1 -<,1,,,,. s, 'k ,c, G.; ..,., . -- ;,1;71';! - tps Afu, 4" , ,. ,,,.., ,15 - '. .'1? ej ^4 (?4,/,, ' - F4, r - --. ti, ...._/. eS 1 -1,1 "-- 7-" ,j'AV Ayr ti e_ . ..1::11,,,....°°:3:::,,..,_ ..",, ''' -'. N' C., 4>) , 0,,,, .,--,s''''" Nr1,..,. .0, - P 1 ihOr. ,p.$4., %). 4 A..___ ... ' , - P..- ..,',/ fv0 ar-t 0,, .110 )- , C 0 .-, 'if, .., /, l. - - :7 24 , ' .-''.-. .-- . -'' -1-...... :::" 14 . '!...ci ' eft - c ,,,r,..N ..11."-',7"..- A " ,,-jw/."7"-- ---;.,r,..-. ,.. --Ts A "Irkr/Og.) , ;91 , ,, ;1, es, . .. 0 r, -C P 0 ' 44.10 ' ' p, eo,,. it t4 t, P` . (..) f- 1,;1.cecA1/4.4t.'1°,) A. IS 1',..p. °Pry aYo,1/44k1: 0 C.,f, Lr, '-c.,4 , KA, ,. - C.,,ep i`.,-...2....,.... II, '1, /--. 6.A - '. ' . Z.:'' rh s. 1C4 ' 0 4."'t 'lir' . l'... "^ ..4t :i.- J' /' 1' ' 1 - l `-,. -.. -.. A/1 . , 0 V'' , 611,. ' ' 4.0 /I% 4 - w 04 - 14r 4c +k 4,, 2rs -tv C;4, ' 7 Q4, - ' ctU any -4 1...., C., :... ,... -. - 4. '''' ' ' _,., _Is-,4. e L. c>'-"-' A, L. ... . ' c, cc ft,'e }di, ..., v , ,,r) a, (5;.- - 0,, V4.--;,. ...- r1\14 - . it, p1;, V ' s -o-o '. 10 12. o 1,-- '-...._ -- , ,, '''' r...,.. 44 -.14., -40 L. -0Cie.' "14,.ra,Ilek, --(e); 4k.' .195, ,-... 4
